Enviromental issues free#
Although scholars and policy makers have analyzed environmental issues on the border for several decades, the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 brought renewed attention to the region. The 2000-mile-long border is home to millions of people who share water, air, land, and ecosystems under very different institutional structures and in a variety of social conditions. The border between the United States and Mexico provides a dynamic and complex example of the challenges of binational environmental management in the context of economic integration. These new institutions and social movements are especially interesting on the Mexican side of the border where political and economic conditions have often limited environmental enforcement and conservation, and where recent policy changes also include changes in land and water law, political democratization, and government decentralization. Environmental social movements and nongovernmental organizations have also become important agents in the region. Public policy responses to environmental problems on the border include binational institutions such as the IBWC, BECC and CEC, the latter two established in response to environmental concerns about the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Transboundary and shared resources and conflicts include limited surface water supplies, depletion of groundwater, air and water pollution, hazardous waste, and conservation of important natural ecosystems. ▪ AbstractThe US-Mexico border region illustrates the challenges of binational environmental management in the context of a harsh physical environment, rapid growth, and economic integration.
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